Does Higher Startup Intention Leads to Higher Growth Performance? An Analysis into Factors Impacting Growth Performance of Indian Startups

Main Article Content

ALIZA
Asha Ram Tripathi

Abstract

Startup growth performance captures the process of going from a concept to scaling up operations, dealing with obstacles, and accomplishing major indicators of success. Resilience, adaptability, and strategic vision are necessary for the dynamic journey that is achieving startup growth performance. Entrepreneur’s startup intentions act as a beacon, influencing their strategic choices for business establishment. It establishes the standard for how the startup overcomes obstacles, evolves to the expectations of the market, and adapts its offerings which makes startup intentions a key factor for the growth performances of startups.  The current study examines the impact of startup intentions, expected returns and intention for equity usage on the growth performances of Indian startups using Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). PLS-SEM can be used for handling complex models with numbers of variables and indicators, making predictions, and conducting exploratory research. In addition, PLS-SEM does not require assumptions related to normal distribution of data. The structural model assessment shows that startup intention (STARTUP_INT) and intention to use equity (INT_EQT) has positive significant association with growth performances (GWTH_PER). Moreover, intention to use equity was found to be significant mediator in startup intention and growth performance relationship. However, there was negative and significant correlation between expected return (EXP_RTN) and growth performance of startups. The findings have crucial implications for entrepreneurs and policy makers, which can enhance Indian startup ecosystem.

Article Details

How to Cite
ALIZA, & Tripathi, A. R. (2024). Does Higher Startup Intention Leads to Higher Growth Performance? An Analysis into Factors Impacting Growth Performance of Indian Startups. Journal of Economics, Innovative Management and Entrepreneurship, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.59652/jeime.v2i2.231
Section
Research Article

References

Achim, M. V. (2010). Business performances: between profitability, return and growth. Annals of the University of Craiova. Economic Sciences Series, 2, 1-12.

Ali, J., & Jabeen, Z. (2022). Understanding entrepreneurial behavior for predicting start‐up intention in India: Evidence from global entrepreneurship monitor (GEM) data. Journal of Public Affairs, 22(1), e2399. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2399

Aman, Q., & Altass, S. (2023). The impact of debt and equity decisions on business performance: Evidence from International Airline Corporation. Amazonia Investiga, 12(63), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.63.03.1

Appelhoff, D., Mauer, R., Collewaert, V., & Brettel, M. (2015). The conflict potential of the entrepreneur’s decision-making style in the entrepreneur-investor relationship. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 12, 601-623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-015-0357-4

Arafat, M. Y., & Saleem, I. (2017). Examining start-up Intention of Indians through cognitive approach: a study using GEM data. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 7, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-017-0073-3

Armuña, C., Ramos, S., Juan, J., Feijóo, C., & Arenal, A. (2020). From stand-up to start-up: exploring entrepreneurship competences and STEM women’s intention. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 16(1), 69-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-019-00627-z

Berger, A. N., & Udell, G. F. (1998). The economics of small business finance: The roles of private equity and debt markets in the financial growth cycle. Journal of Banking & Finance, 22(6-8), 613-673. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4266(98)00038-7

Birley, S., & Westhead, P. (1994). A taxonomy of business start-up reasons and their impact on firm growth and size. Journal of Business Venturing, 9(1), 7-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(94)90024-8

Blazenko, G. W., & Fu, Y. (2013). Value versus growth in dynamic equity investing. Managerial Finance, 39(3), 272-305. https://doi.org/10.1108/03074351311302809

Charity, E., Austin, O. C., Orji, O. C., Steve, E. E., & Okechukwu, A. J. (2019). Capital structure determinants and performance of startup firms in developing economies: A conceptual review. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 25(3), 1-9.

Chemmanur, T. J., Krishnan, K., & Nandy, D. K. (2011). How Does Venture Capital Financing Improve Efficiency in Private Firms? A Look Beneath the Surface. The Review of Financial Studies, 24(12), 4037-4090. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhr096

Chindengwike, J. (2021). Effect of Equity on Financial Performance Among Small Business Firms in East Africa Countries. International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Multidisciplinary Physical Sciences, 9(3), 194-200.

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd Ed.). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587

Croce, A., Martí, J., & Murtinu, S. (2013). The impact of venture capital on the productivity growth of European entrepreneurial firms: ‘Screening’ or ‘value added’ effect? Journal of Business Venturing, 28(4), 489-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.06.001

Eijdenberg, E. L., Paas, L. J., & Masurel, E. (2017). Decision-making and small business growth in Burundi. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 9(1), 35-64. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-12-2015-0065

Eldar, O., Grennan, J., & Waldock, K. (2020). Common Ownership and Startup Growth. Duke Law School Public Law & Legal Theory Series. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3406205

Frank, H., Lueger, M., & Korunka, C. (2007). The significance of personality in business start-up intentions, start-up realization and business success. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 19(3), 227-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985620701218387

Gani, M. O., Takahashi, Y., & Faroque, A. R. (2022). Entrepreneurial intention to business start-ups: Evidence from Asia. International journal of Business and Society, 23(1), 54-72. https://doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.4598.2022

Guerrero, M., & Urbano, D. (2014). Academics’ start-up intentions and knowledge filters: An individual perspective of the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 43, 57-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-013-9526-4

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.) Sage Publications.

Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203

Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Pieper, T. M., & Ringle, C. M. (2012). The Use of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling in Strategic Management Research: A Review of Past Practices and Recommendations for Future Applications. Long Range Planning, 45(5-6), 320-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2012.09.008

Hay, M., & Kamshad, K. (1994). Small Firm Growth: Intentions, Implementation and Impediments. Business Strategy Review, 5(3), 49-68. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8616.1994.tb00166.x

Heller, D., & Veihl, M. (2024). The Rise of Early-Stage Financing in the US and Startup Performance. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4793539

Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to under parameterized model misspecification. Psychological Methods, 3(4), 424- 453. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/1082-989X.3.4.424

Hwang, Y., Park, J., & Kim, K. (2023). Equity Crowdfunding and Startup Performance. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4559496

Jacobson, R. (1987). The Validity of ROI as a Measure of Business Performance. The American Economic Review, 77(3), 470-478. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1804112

Jeong, J., Kim, J., Son, H., & Nam, D. I. (2020). The Role of Venture Capital Investment in Startups’ Sustainable Growth and Performance: Focusing on Absorptive Capacity and Venture Capitalists’ Reputation. Sustainability, 12(8), 3447. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12083447

Jin, C. H. (2017). The effect of psychological capital on start-up intention among young start-up entrepreneurs: A cross-cultural comparison. Chinese Management Studies, 11(4), 707-729. https://doi.org/10.1108/CMS-06-2017-0162

Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 11(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101

Koropp, C., Kellermanns, F. W., Grichnik, D., & Stanley, L. (2014). Financial Decision Making in Family Firms: An Adaptation of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Family Business Review, 27(4), 307-327. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486514522483

Kotane, I., & Kuzmina-Merlino, I. (2012). Assessment of Financial Indicators for Evaluation of Business Performance. European Integration Studies, 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eis.0.6.1554

Lee, C. Y., Hwang, I. H., & Kim, J. S. (2016). The Influential Factors to Growth Intention and Performance in Early-Stage Technology-Based Start-up Companies. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 11(2), 49-62. https://doi.org/10.16972/APJBVE.11.2.201604.49

Lee, M., & Nam, D. I. (2020). Unicorn Startups’ Investment Duration, Government Policy, Foreign Investors, and Exit Valuation. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 15(5), 1-11. https://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO202031837626128.page

Mamun, A. A., Nawi, N. B. C., Mohiuddin, M., Shamsudin, S. F. F. B., & Fazal, S. A. (2017). Entrepreneurial intention and startup preparation: A study among business students in Malaysia. Journal of Education for Business, 92(6), 296-314. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2017.1365682

Martins, J. M., Shahzad, M. F., & Xu, S. (2023). Factors influencing entrepreneurial intention to initiate new ventures: evidence from university students. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00333-9

Meckin, D. (2011). Naked Finance: Business Finance Pure and Simple. Nicholas Brealey Publishing.

Mergemeier, L., Moser, J., & Flatten, T. C. (2018). The influence of multiple constraints along the venture creation process and on start-up intention in nascent entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 30(7-8), 848-876. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2018.1471163

Mikic, M., Novoselec, T., & Primorac, D. (2015). Influence of financing source on the small business performance. Economic and Social Development: Book of Proceedings, 283. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:168279944

Nigbor-Drożdż, A. (2022). Startup and the economy 4.0. International Journal for Quality Research, 16(3), 749-766. https://doi.org/10.24874/IJQR16.03-06

Ogbechi, A. D., Alase, P. O., Taiwo, S. F., & Ogbechi, C. D. (2020). Empirical Evaluation of Strategic Planning and Sustainable Business Growth Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). International Journal of Innovative Research and Advanced Studies, 7(5), 181-190. https://www.ijiras.com/2020/Vol_7-Issue_5/paper_28.pdf

Omisakin, O. M., & Adegoke, N. (2022). Entrepreneurial orientation and New Zealand family business growth performance: environmental effects. Small Enterprise Research, 29(2), 138-164. https://doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2022.2039883

Prasastyoga, B., van Leeuwen, E., & Harinck, F. (2018). Will growth bring more good than harm to my business? The role of regulatory focus in small business growth beliefs. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 48(7), 377-387. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12518

Qureshi, M. S., & Mahdi, F. (2014). Impact of effectuation-based interventions on the intentions to start a business. Business Review, 9(2), 143-157. https://doi.org/10.54784/1990-6587.1277

Ries, E. (2011). The lean startup. New York: Crown Business, 27, 2016-2020.

Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J. M. (2022). SmartPLS 4 [Computer software]. SmartPLS GmbH. https://www.smartpls.com

Shmueli, G., Ray, S., Estrada, J. M. V., & Chatla, S. B. (2016). The elephant in the room: Predictive performance of PLS models. Journal of Business Research, 69(10), 4552-4564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.03.049

Staniewski, M., & Awruk, K. (2016). Start-up intentions of potential entrepreneurs- the contribution of hope to success. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 29(1), 233-249. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2016.1166345

Tasáryová, K., & Pakšiová, R. (2021). The Impact of Equity Information as an Important Factor in Assessing Business Performance. Information, 12(2), 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/info12020085

Yoo, B. H. (2014). A Study on Influential Factors of Self-Leadership on Start-up Intention. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 15(3), 1382-1389. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2014.15.3.1382

Yoo, B. H. (2015). The Effect of Achievement Needs and Entrepreneurship on the Start-up Intention: Focus on Mediation Role of Start-up Motivation. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 10(3), 51-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.16972/apjbve.10.3.201506.51

Yu, W., Dai, S., Liu, F., & Yang, Y. (2023). Matching disruptive innovation paths with entrepreneurial networks: A new perspective on startups’ growth with Chinese evidence. Asian Business & Management, 22(3), 878-902. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41291-022-00177-3

Zukbee, J. D., & Anyamaobi, C. (2023). Private equity capital and growth of entrepreneurial firms in Nigeria. Advance Journal of Management, Accounting and Finance, 8(12), 70–89. https://aspjournals.org/ajmaf/index.php/ajmaf/article/view/79